摘要

 

隨著印度新政府需要應對聯盟內部的變化,關鍵改革可能會持續推進。儘管印度開發的過程會更加曲折,但長期潛力仍相當大;未來投資人更應保持投資紀律,並高度關注收益,將是實現長期報酬的關鍵。

雖然印度人民黨(BJP)獲得的選票不如市場民調預期,但納倫德拉·莫迪連任成功,獲得歷史性的第三個任期。選舉結果顯示,印度人民黨獲得 240 個席位(相比 2019 年的 303 個席位有所下降),未達到議會中的多數席位( 272 個席位)。因此,印度人民黨將與其盟友組成聯合政府,共計擁有 293 個席位。

在經歷了 10 年的單一黨政府之後,印度將重啟聯合政府,可能會帶來一些不確定性,進而影響實現 2030 年成為 5 兆美元經濟體的目標。我們認為,許多關鍵改革,例如與製造業、基礎設施和技術相關的改革,可能會繼續進行,儘管與土地、勞工和農業相關的爭議性改革可能會被推遲。投資人可能記得,已故的 阿塔爾·比哈里·瓦杰帕伊 領導的聯合政府在2000年推出了重要的改革,比如《財政責任與預算管理法案》(FRBM)。

相較其他亞洲股票市場,印度股市估值偏高,因此在印度總理大選結果公布當天(6/4),Nifty 50 指數下跌 5.9%。

投資人在接下來的日子裡將會考量政府和內閣的組成情況。7 月初的預算應該能更清楚地表明政府對其財政目標的承諾。新政府可能會努力確保高經濟增長的紅利更公平地分配。在此背景下,新政府面臨著微妙的平衡:不但需要遵守既定的財政整頓路徑,同時也需刺激經濟增長。

儘管如此,印度的長期潛力仍然完好無損。全球 供應鏈的重新平衡使印度成為全球企業日益重要的製造地。全球企業開始將數據分析、研發等任務外包到印度,使印度成為重要的據點,也推動了一波新的以服務為主導的增長。與此同時,到 2027 年,印度的 消費市場 有望成為全球第三大,提供參與印度的投資人重大機遇。

隨著印度加強實體與數位基礎設施,以及發展可再生能源行業,其長期經濟前景相當亮眼。印度在 2023 年擔任 G20 主席國已經幫助展示了其在全球舞台上的經濟實力與外交手腕。

然而,這種樂觀前景面臨著一些挑戰。印度高失業率成為一大阻礙,建築產業是當地主要的就業提供者,不斷增長的城市化可能有助於吸收較低技能勞動力的供應。高油價導致通膨上升也一直是印度面臨的風險。在這方面,印度日益多元化的貿易結構可能有助於盧比在未來可因應油價的震盪。印度新政府在應對這些挑戰時,還需要應對聯合政府的變動。

投資影響

根據 ICICI 保誠資產管理公司 (IPAMC)的觀點,在印度股市歷史上,選舉引起的走勢波動通常是短暫的。在中長期,市場往往受潛在收益的驅動。印度多年增長故事的基本驅動因素仍然牢固:有利的人口紅利、增長的人均收入、通膨受控、數位轉型、強勁的企業資產負債表,以及中央財政赤字。

儘管投資人還在等待聯盟的支持、內閣政府的組建等更多明確消息出爐,但值得鼓勵的是,執政的全國民主聯盟(NDA)已連續第三個任期獲得多數席位。這意味著政策應該是連續的,可能會更加關注農村收入和就業。因此,選舉結果並未實質性地改變 IPAMC 的投資理念。雖然股市可能會出現一些暫時的波動,但任何的回檔,都為聚焦基本面的投資人,提供一個引人入勝的進場點。

同樣地,瀚亞投資(新加坡)投資組合經理人 Yuan Yiu Tsai 仍然相信「印度故事」,儘管實現印度成為開發國家的道路,會變得更加曲折。在短期內,他預計莫迪政府將重點放在農村消費上,而不是資本支出。令人振奮的是,Yuan Yiu 認為,對市場不友善的改革,像是:提高股票資本收益稅,可能會被擱置一旁。

在短期內,市場仍會保持波動,因為部分股票及產業的估值被重新定位。估值變得更具吸引力,因此 Yuan Yiu 正在尋找更多發展機會。展望未來,他認為,保持投資紀律,以估值為重點的投資方式,可以在參與印度成長故事上,減少波動的一個指標。

在固定收益方面, IPAMC 認為,選舉後,隨著焦點轉向增加農村支出,財政整頓的道路可能被擱置一旁。有鑑於支出增加的前景,長期債券殖利率不太可能大幅走低,利差仍將繼續是債券報酬的主要來源。信用利差的縮窄顯示,市場對投資等級公司債仍有很高的需求。

由於印度政府公債(IGBs)將從 2024 年 6 月 28 日開始納入摩根大通新興市場債券指數,因此市場對印度政府公債的需求可能獲得支持。IGBs 將占該指數的 10%,以目前持有量約 1% 來看,仍具有上升空間。

根據瀚亞投資固定收益投資組合經理人 Goh Rong Ren 的觀點,將 IGBs 納入摩根大通新興市場債券指數可能也會鼓勵其他主要債券指數採取類似措施。由於印度擁有高度流動性的 1 兆美元主權債券市場與不斷成長的經濟,他認為,印度為現有的債券指數,提供具吸引力的投資多元化。


瀚亞投資 (Eastspring Investments) 旗下各種以印度市場為題的基金,由 IPAMC 擔任投資顧問。

 

 

更多文章

了解更多
【印度溫度計】市場樂觀情緒佳  印度股票多頭行情延續

in insights

股票

【印度溫度計】市場樂觀情緒佳 印度股票多頭行情延續

2024/08

受惠於市場樂觀情緒、對聯準會降息期望增強、企業獲利亮眼等因素,印度 Sensex 指數 7 月份延續前一月上漲動能...

【亞洲科技】瀚亞亞洲科技資本家股票基金-A與SA級別  9月登場募集

in insights

股票

【亞洲科技】瀚亞亞洲科技資本家股票基金-A與SA級別  9月登場募集

2024/08

瞄準亞洲科技股的爆發潛力,瀚亞亞洲科技資本家股票基金-A與SA級別日前已獲主管機關核准募集,預計將於 9 月 23...

【亞洲科技資本家】瀚亞新基金雙策略 打造亞洲納斯達克DNA

in insights

股票

【亞洲科技資本家】瀚亞新基金雙策略 打造亞洲納斯達克DNA

2024/08

瀚亞投信 9 月 23 日起將募集【瀚亞亞洲科技資本家股票基金】,推出 A 累積及 SA 累積後收級別,著眼亞洲科...

This document is produced by Eastspring Investments (Singapore) Limited and issued in:

Singapore and Australia (for wholesale clients only) by Eastspring Investments (Singapore) Limited (UEN: 199407631H), which is incorporated in Singapore, is exempt from the requirement to hold an Australian financial services licence and is licensed and regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore under Singapore laws which differ from Australian laws.

Hong Kong by Eastspring Investments (Hong Kong) Limited and has not been reviewed by the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong.

Indonesia by PT Eastspring Investments Indonesia, an investment manager that is licensed, registered and supervised by the Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK).

Malaysia by Eastspring Investments Berhad (531241-U).

United States of America (for institutional clients only) by Eastspring Investments (Singapore) Limited (UEN: 199407631H), which is incorporated in Singapore and is registered with the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission as a registered investment adviser.

European Economic Area (for professional clients only) and Switzerland (for qualified investors only) by Eastspring Investments (Luxembourg) S.A., 26, Boulevard Royal, 2449 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, registered with the Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés (Luxembourg), Register No B 173737.

United Kingdom (for professional clients only) by Eastspring Investments (Luxembourg) S.A. - UK Branch, 10 Lower Thames Street, London EC3R 6AF.

Chile (for institutional clients only) by Eastspring Investments (Singapore) Limited (UEN: 199407631H), which is incorporated in Singapore and is licensed and regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore under Singapore laws which differ from Chilean laws.

The afore-mentioned entities are hereinafter collectively referred to as Eastspring Investments.


The views and opinions contained herein are those of the author on this page, and may not necessarily represent views expressed or reflected in other Eastspring Investments’ communications. This document is solely for information purposes and does not have any regard to the specific investment objective, financial situation and/or particular needs of any specific persons who may receive this document. This document is not intended as an offer, a solicitation of offer or a recommendation, to deal in shares of securities or any financial instruments. It may not be published, circulated, reproduced or distributed without the prior written consent of Eastspring Investments. Reliance upon information in this posting is at the sole discretion of the reader. Please consult your own professional adviser before investing.

Investment involves risk. Past performance and the predictions, projections, or forecasts on the economy, securities markets or the economic trends of the markets are not necessarily indicative of the future or likely performance of Eastspring Investments or any of the funds managed by Eastspring Investments.

Information herein is believed to be reliable at time of publication. Data from third party sources may have been used in the preparation of this material and Eastspring Investments has not independently verified, validated or audited such data. Where lawfully permitted, Eastspring Investments does not warrant its completeness or accuracy and is not responsible for error of facts or opinion nor shall be liable for damages arising out of any person’s reliance upon this information. Any opinion or estimate contained in this document may subject to change without notice.

Eastspring Investments (excluding JV companies) companies are ultimately wholly-owned/indirect subsidiaries/associate of Prudential plc of the United Kingdom. Eastspring Investments companies (including JV’s) and Prudential plc are not affiliated in any manner with Prudential Financial, Inc., a company whose principal place of business is in the United States of America or with the Prudential Assurance Company, a subsidiary of M&G plc (a company incorporated in the United Kingdom).